Endocrinology Thyroid

Goiter

Goiters are enlarged thyroid glands, which are found in 10% of women and 2% of men. The normal thyroid weighs between 15 and 25 grams, and each lobe is 4-6 cm in length and 1.3-1.8 cm thick. Worldwide, the cause is inadequate iodine, but in the US, the most common causes include multiple nodules, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and Graves’ disease. In the US, about 80% of goiters are euthyroid, 10% are hypothyroid, and 10% are hyperthyroid.

Endocrinology

Patient 1

This is a young woman with thyrotoxicosis from Graves’ disease.